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• hàm hư đắc thông :
  涵虚得通 - [py] Hánxū Détōng [wg] Han-hsü te-t'ung [ko] 함허득통 Hamhŏ Tŭkt'ong [ja] カンコトクツウ Kanko tokutsū ||| Hamhŏ Tŭkt'ong (1376-1433). Posthumous name Kihwa 己和. A late Koryŏ-early Chosŏn monk of the Sŏn order, who was the leading Buddhist figure of his generation. Hamhŏ was originally a Confucian scholar of the highest reputation, but he converted to Buddhism at the age of 21 upon the death of a close friend. He wandered among the Korean mountain monasteries, until he had the fortune of becoming the disciple of the last Korean National Teacher Muhak 無學. Kihwa's writings showed a distinctive mixture between iconoclastic and suddenistic Chan language, and a strong appreciation for the scriptural tradition. Thus, he took up from Chinul the tradition of unification of Sŏn and Kyo Buddhism. Among his writings, there are four works in particular that made a deep impact on the subsequent Sŏn tradition in Korea. These are: (1) his commentary on the Sūtra of Perfect Enlightenment, the Wŏn'gakkyŏng hae sŏrŭi 圓覺經解説誼; (2) his redaction and subcommentary to five famous earlier commentaries on the Diamond Sutra, the Kŭmgang panyaparamilgyŏng ogahae sŏrŭi 金剛般若波羅蜜經; (3) his subcommentary and redaction of the Collection of Yongjia, the Yonggajip kwaju sŏrŭi 永嘉集科註説誼. As a result of his fourth major work (4) the Hyŏnjŏng non 顯正論 Hamhŏ distinguishes himself as being the primary Buddhist respondent to the rising Neo-Confucian polemic of his period, as he responds with vigor to the Neo-Confucian criticisms of Buddhism. Hamhŏ passed away while residing at Chŏngsu-sa 淨水寺, located at the southern tip of Kanghwa Island 江華島, where his tomb can still be visited. For a doctoral dissertation which analyzes Hamhŏ's life and works see Muller (1993); Hamhŏ's commentary on the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment is translated in Muller (1999). [Dictionary References] [Credit] cmuller(entry) cwittern(py)
  (Digital Dictionary of Buddhism - A. Charles Muller)

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